Three Steps to Save a Life
In an emergency, knowing what to do—and doing it quickly—can make the difference between life and death. That’s why the Resuscitation Council promotes a simple and effective approach called the Three Steps to Save a Life. Even if you have no medical training, following these steps empowers you to act with confidence and potentially save someone’s life.
Step 1 – Check
First things first, always check for safety. Look carefully at your surroundings. Are there any dangers nearby such as moving vehicles, exposed electrical wires, fire, or broken glass? You must ensure the scene is safe before you approach the casualty.
Once the area is secure, assess the person’s responsiveness. Gently tap their shoulders and speak clearly: “Are you alright?” If there is no reply and they seem unresponsive, don’t wait—proceed to the next step immediately.
Step 2 – Call
Now, call for help straight away. Dial 999 in the UK, or 112 if you’re elsewhere in Europe. Put your phone on speaker so you can keep your hands free to assist. The emergency call handler will stay on the line and guide you through each step.
They will ask you to check for signs of breathing. Tilt the person’s head back slightly, lift the chin, and check for normal breathing. Look for chest movement, listen for breath sounds, and feel for airflow on your cheek—do this for no more than 10 seconds.
If the person is not breathing or is only gasping, report this immediately to the call handler. They will walk you through how to begin CPR.
Step 3 – CPR and AED
Begin chest compressions without delay. Place the heel of one hand in the centre of the chest, then place your other hand on top. Lock your elbows and push hard and fast at a rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute. Aim to press down about 5 to 6 centimetres, and allow the chest to fully rise between compressions.
If an AED (Automated External Defibrillator) is available, use it immediately. Switch it on and follow the voice prompts. The AED will tell you exactly when to pause compressions, when to deliver a shock, and when to resume CPR. Keep following its instructions carefully.
Confidence Saves Lives
Don’t worry if you’re unsure—just stay calm. The emergency dispatcher will remain on the call, offering clear guidance until professional help arrives. What matters most is that you take action quickly and decisively.
These Three Steps to Save a Life—Check, Call, and Start CPR with an AED—can double or even triple a person’s chance of survival. Whether you’re responding to an adult collapse, or if you need to recall How to Perform Paediatric CPR in a child-related emergency, the principles remain: assess, call, and act fast.
You don’t have to be a doctor or paramedic. Your hands, your phone, and your courage are enough. Remember: being willing to act is what saves lives.